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Alois S. Mlambo, A History of Zimbabwe, (2014), Pretoria: Cambridge University Press page 13. ]cdq1T20_kfa/aN :q5pT.` h 2023 BBC. His, in the full independence of Zimbabwe under Robert Mugabe, who in 1984 declared his intention to create a one-party Marxist state. << Rhodesia became a steady British rule at the end of the XIX century; thanks to the huge funds and work of the British South Africa Company, this young state, divided into two by the Zambezi River, soon became acquainted with the English efficiency in colonization, but suffering, as well, the exploitation of its resources. 3 0 obj Frelimo and Renamo continue to be the major parties, but there, to close the border with Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe), to implement international sanctions against the country, and to allow its guerrilla forces to develop bases in Mozambique, but these decisions proved costly when Mozambique suffered major losses of revenue and lives and the destruction of key infrastructure. Returning from London, Rhodes met with the Ndebele chiefs and persuaded them to make peace. 0000002610 00000 n
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Internal conflict raged throughout Mozambique from the late 1970s until 1992. rule, who in 1965 declared Rhodesias independence and its subsequent withdrawal from the British Commonwealth. *(eYU5J>^*jjv77`hkohknPW#+ '!9rv)Sz=b9f,Y Er"X|r+Vc~r"uvT36ma]*vlQ'+w'N8"+w(S8/+w,."+w*4wKccS0k( 4@iii0w'b&C. Cinematic Cold War - Tony Shaw 2010 The first book . Inflation skyrocketed to 481.5% in November 2019, in the process eroding salaries and decimating pensions. 5) 0000005934 00000 n
Rhodes investments in the Rand had not been producing profits and this made him to be interested in colonizing Zimbabweto compensate for the losses which he had suffered. 0000062779 00000 n
COLONISATION OF ZIMBABWE dr hoe productions 0772 155 794 [Specimen] 87[a]. 4exQ}sD@L>Fs1f@d =)& 9;WxuD#{irp39I zOjtjTu=^%%6J=1s=(>q{4A ecj:udJ1Av]i'qN)J9kkO9m7sHw${$vE,w4ts3? /Width 625 A series of trading empires emerged, including the Kingdom of Mapungubwe and Kingdom of Zimbabwe.In the 1880s, the British South Africa Company began its activities in the region, leading to the colonial . At long last, Professor Alois Mlambo has, for the first time, produced a crisp single-volume book that documents the country's rich historical experience, covering the entire precolonial, colonial and postcolonial continuum. %PDF-1.4
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And it draws a picture of what one may consider attractive churches. Technological~ more advanced, the Europeans were able to coloniee and H,P} PSbaPp7AkJ7%vi`y?&I@ 8IH3 Ig
2019 January - Protests break out in major cities after the government more than doubles fuel prices in an attempt to tackle shortages and the black market. 4 0 obj In 1907 the settlers were given a majority of seats. 0000019154 00000 n
In the introduction I give the results of a survey done by LifeWay Research which shows that Americans love God but are confused about what the Bible teaches about sin, salvation, Jesus, and the afterlife. 1980 - Zanu leader Robert Mugabe wins independence elections. /SM 0.02 Photograph by Paul Rockower. Protocol to the African Charter on Human And Peoples' Rights on the Establishment of an African Court on Human and Peoples' Rights. It ranges from the period of corporate colonisation in the late 19 th century right through to the creation of an independent Zimbabwean republic in 1980. Rhodes rushed to get treaties as was agreed at this conference. On September 12, 1923, Southern Rhodesia was annexed to the crown and became a self-governing colony. Rhodes was an ambitious and rich individual who wanted to promote British, He also wanted gain political control of the whole region which explains why he. 1982 - Prime Minister Mugabe sacks Zapu leader Joshua Nkomo from the cabinet, accusing him of plotting to overthrow the government. The Germans, Boers, Portuguese and the British all wanted to colonize Zimbabwe due, Zimbabwe was eventually colonised by Britain on the 12, The colonisation process started in 1890 with the occupation of Mashonaland by the. 0000002973 00000 n
The interwar period was one of material progress, with the development of a reasonably prosperous economy based on copper, gold, and other minerals, corn (maize), tobacco, and cattle. The role of the missionaries in the colonisation of the region was also considerable in terms of cultural and political domination of the people. Commonwealth suspends Zimbabwe for a year. >> -He signed the Moffat treaty. 0000029108 00000 n
The modern Zimbabwe nation state had its origins in 12th century Great Zimbabwe, which had its capital at Great Zimbabwe with a network of over 350 related royal towns fashioned after it. Frelimos support for the. 3) As a result of the commissions report, a referendum of the electors among the 34,000 Europeans in the country was held in 1922; the choice was between entry into the Union of South Africa as its fifth province and full internal self-government. /BitsPerComponent 8 0000039346 00000 n
In Southern Africa: Zimbabwe. >> /ca 1.0 In East Africa, plateau regions were suitable for cattle grazing. Zimbabwe is a Zimbabwe wins international recognition in April. h-C\)$\O5'LV#
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zFSysq,.Y.15L;r= |c. $4%&'()*56789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz ? The nation state had been fully developed by 1450AD which time Mutapa embarked on a full military expansion that gave rise to the Munhumutapa Empire. } !1AQa"q2#BR$3br * Institute of Environmental Studies, University of Zimbabwe and Center for International Forestry Research. 2010 March - New "indigenisation" law forces foreign-owned businesses to sell majority stake to locals. 0000005879 00000 n
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pdf. Next I examine the state of evangelism in America today and give the results of studies done by Ed Stetzer and Thom Rainer. }Ov$ 9 |)D9$g2,9=ONmi5+t,X 8}L)[sV 8a`\x z"9] y}At83,~YI:O colony of Southern Rhodesia (Zimbabwe) and the territories of Northern Rhodesia (Zambia) and Nyasaland (Malai), which were under the control of the British Colonial Office. ,^oHb_?@dO @Yb[)EieaJ|e/m2wWyBQDvE~!B?\ {|dV_]"DD1%r4_-S\#ba2zdqKhynOo J6(}yb_iJ1wY)L6]^j/}i2=
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2005 March - Zanu-PF wins two-thirds of the votes in parliamentary polls. Immediately after World War I the pressure for self-government was resumed, and a royal commission was appointed to consider the future of the territory. Zimbabwelike most African Post-Colonial nation stateshas been criticized and castigated for exercising its legal rights to self-determination, autonomy and sovereignty over land and resourcesespecially when these conflict with the economic and/or geo-political interests of the West, or white expats who once . % "F$H:R!zFQd?r9\A&GrQhE]a4zBgE#H *B=0HIpp0MxJ$D1D, VKYdE"EI2EBGt4MzNr!YK ?%_(0J:EAiQ(()WT6U@P+!~mDe!hh/']B/?a0nhF!X8kc&5S6lIa2cKMA!E#dV(kel
}}Cq9 However, the country also has a great diversity of languages, communities, beliefs and customs. Treaties and concessions signed by Lobengula. Wilson steered Britain clear of direct military involvement in the Vietnam War, though he gave verbal support to the U.S. war effort. The territory of Rhodesia was divided into two parts by using the Zambezi River as a separation line: Southern Rhodesia and North Rhodesia were constituted. 0000062033 00000 n
1885-1950. w !1AQaq"2B #3Rbr This is because Zimbabwe was a former colony of the United Kingdom, and the issue of land can be traced back to colonialism. Introduction. It, too, was soon banned, and he formed the Zimbabwe African Peoples Union (ZAPU), which in turn was banned in 1962. He resigned on November 21, 2017, after succumbing to political and military pressure. startxref
2018 November - President Mnangagwa announces two-year project by the Australian mining firm Invictus Energy to investigate potential large oil and gas deposits in Muzarabani district, near the border with Mozambique. THE-THEOLOGY-OF-PAUL-IN-EVANGELISM-AND-DISCIPLESHIPS.R.Edits.docx, Exegesis and Exposition of Second Timothy 3.10-11.doc, The Significance of in the book of Acts-Academia.pdf, The Vitality of the Christian Church in Antioch, Syria, PHILIP ADJEI ACQUAH -THE ROLE PERSONAL EVANGELISM IN CHURCH GROWTH, MISSIOLOGICAL IMPLICATION OF PAULS APOLOGETICS METHODOLOGY IN ACTS 17:22-34 TO THE 21ST CENTURY MISSIONARY AMONG THE BURA PEOPLE OF HAWUL LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF BORNO STATE, NIGERIA, Theology of Church Growth: A Look at the New Testament, EVANGELISM and CHURCH GROWTH in the book of ACTS. The opposition MDC dismisses the polls as a fraud. 4 0 obj The election of 1962boycotted by African nationalistswas won by the extreme right-wing Rhodesian Front (RF) party, which ran on a platform of immediate independence under white control. 0000006813 00000 n
The UN estimates that the drive has left about 700,000 people homeless. To access more topics go to the History Notes page. Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer. A chapter on Paul as Pastor in Acts in the book, Paul as Pastor (before copy-editing). In 1895 many of the pioneers were persuaded to take part in the Jameson Raid into the Transvaal and were captured and sent to England for trial. 323 0 obj<>stream
London: T&T Clark, 2017 (before copy-editing). Colonization of a land, of a people, brings with it many losses that are difficult, perhaps impossible, to rediscover when the nation finds freedom again. /BitsPerComponent 8 This could be achieved if the British colonised the region. 0
In 1963 Robert Mugabe broke with ZAPU to join the Zimbabwe African National Union (ZANU) and thereby split African support along ethnic linesNkomo retained the Ndebele ethnic minority (mostly in the Matabeleland region), while Mugabe garnered the Shona ethnic majority. endobj At the same time, there was growing political consciousness among the African population, together with increasing hostility to the idea of federation. 1890 - Pioneer column of European settlers arrives from south at site of future capital Harare. Independence was finally granted in 1980 after a general election under British auspices determined the victory of the ZANU party under Robert Mugabe (Mashona). 0000039781 00000 n
[/Pattern /DeviceRGB] across the Limpopo into southwestern Zimbabwe. Colonial Era (1888-11965) In 1888, the British statesmen Cecil Rhodes arrived in Zimbabwe with his British South Africa Company (BSAC) and quickly took. [6] Tati Concession Baines treaty Grobler treaty Moffat treaty Rudd Concession Lippert Concession [b].What problems did Lobengula face in dealing with Concession seekers [11] Opposition from his army who wanted all foreigners . Once the British were mining in Zimbabwe, the order to take control . In 1997, the then Secretary General of the Zimbabwe Congress of Trade Unions,. There the new arrivals settled and began to lay claim to prospecting rights. 'The absence of a single text dedicated to the longue dure of Zimbabwe's history can now be said to be a thing of the past. /Width 625 $4%&'()*56789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz ? E-mail: mandondo@africaonline.co.zw Abstract This paper reviews natural resource governance in Zimbabwes peasant sector from colonial to post-colonial times. Read about our approach to external linking. 0000038714 00000 n
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C q" /AIS false Fortunately, the country proclaimed its independence in 1980. Nr of producers 4 Expectations about the future 5 Taxes and subsidies S PF PC P, If the FEV1 improves by 20 to 25 then the dose should be tapered to the lowest, Project Goal Add role functionality to the actual system Duration From Nov 2017, 21 Connect the UpdateAttribute processor to Put user log OutputPort 22 Return to, Endnotes Endnote 4Amendment history Act Number and year Assent Commencement, Dr. Brett Couch - Midterm 1 Practice Questions - Key (1).pdf, Difficulty Medium Learning Objective 17 5 56 Verizon Manufacturing Company spent, Illigal Inmigration in the united states.edited.docx, Health Care Organization Management.edited.docx, Kami Export - Darrin Greaves - The Cell Cycle Questions.pdf, 6.DBFI 014 Business lending theory and practice Exam.pdf. x- [ 0}y)7ta>jT7@t`q2&6ZL?_yxg)zLU*uSkSeO4?c. R
-25 S>Vd`rn~Y&+`;A4 A9 =-tl`;~p Gp| [`L` "AYA+Cb(R, *T2B- Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link. Abstract Becoming Zimbabwe is the first comprehensive history of Zimbabwe, spanning the years from 850 to 2008. Colonialism and its impact on Zimbabwe Introduction: Zimbabwe is a republic of central Africa bordered on the west by Botswana, Zambia to the north, northeast and east by Mozambique, south by South Africa. (2001) Ranger, T. 'Nationalist Historiography, Patriotic History and the History of the Nation: the Struggle over the Past in Zimbabwe', 92{D5{Id{D)AghvH7_8RY1/vCeeM;l&a,fl8PN]$|:w9qger*y&ZT2&B;8=k@VvoGONGSlH?Rase 0000006351 00000 n
In Southern Africa, Great Zimbabwe emerged as the most complex civilization throughout Southern Africa. Mambo Press . Industrialisation and mechanisation were fuelling unemployment andimpoverishment in Europe and raising the danger of popular uprisings. xb```f``c`c``g`@ G#:A`,ck=S~.fYl9Nq&0irsrLx1+BN)9;%r,1=K=Kc)0:ZR2r Those who did, settled within modern-day Zimbabwe, Mozambique and Botswana, and co-existed with the indigenous people; most of whom, in Zimbabwe, were the Naletale people. /Subtype /Image - Each pioneer settler was promised 3000 acres of land and 15 gold claims and cash (Daily allowance of 7 shillings and 6 pence). All names used in the presentation and interpretation of data are pseudonyms. How Stuff Works - History - History of Zimbabwe, cholera: Zimbabwe cholera outbreak of 200809, Southern Africa: The Central African Federation, 20th-century international relations: Regional crises, Mozambique: Mozambique as a one-party state, South Africa: The unraveling of apartheid. 1953 - Britain creates the Central African Federation, made up of Southern Rhodesia (Zimbabwe), Northern Rhodesia (Zambia) and Nyasaland (Malawi). 0000001014 00000 n
Suffering, the experience of violation brought on by an act of violence or violent circumstances, is omnipresent in today's world - if only indirectly thro. 0000046528 00000 n
2013 July - Presidential and parliamentary elections. Zimbabwe is in the throes of its economic decay in a decade characterized by acute shortages of cash, medicine, fuel and rolling power cuts of up to 20 hours a day. 0000028365 00000 n
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/ColorSpace /DeviceRGB In 1914, when the 25-year term of the companys charter was due to expire, the settlers, faced with the alternative of joining the Union of South Africa, asked for the continuation of the charter pending the grant of self-government. Lobengula's efforts to persuade the colonial office that the concession was invalid by sending envoys to Queen Victoria and writing letters to the colonial office was destined to fail as all the key officials in southern Africa, namely Sir Hercules Robinson the high commissioner succeeded in June 1889 by Sir Henry Loch, Sidney Shippard, then %PDF-1.4 Bantu inhabitants of the region arrived and developed ceramic production in the area. To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds toupgrade your browser. so they could fulfil their religious interests. /Height 155 0000029595 00000 n
Although the missionaries' task was to make people accept the Bible and its teachings, Christianity was turned into an ideology which could be used to convince people not to resist white domination. South Africa tried to deflect global disgust with its apartheid system by setting up autonomous tribal homelands for Blacks, but no other government recognized them. North Korean-trained Fifth Brigade deployed to crush rebellion by Nkomo supporters in Midlands and Matabeleland provinces, and kill thousands of civilians over the next few years. [/Pattern /DeviceRGB] 2002 April - State of disaster declared as worsening food shortages threaten famine. /Producer ( Q t 4 . By 1911 nearly 35,000 worth of tobacco was being exported annually, and the European population had risen to 23,600. 2013 March - New constitution approved by an overwhelming majority in a referendum. Image Courtesy : africaalbidatourism.com/de.jpg ADVERTISEMENTS: America needs the gospel of the Lord Jesus Christ. 0000062666 00000 n
Pioneer Column and ended in 1893 after the Anglo-Ndebele war. 2009 February - Morgan Tsvangirai is sworn in as prime minister, after protracted talks over formation of government. It is the aim of this article to show that colonialist adventurers, starting with the Portuguese all the way to the occupation of Zimbabwe, always either sent missionaries to spy out lands suitable for colonisation, or worked alongside them as they carried out the whole colonisation project. The Land Apportionment Act of 1930 gave white settlers control of more than 51 percent of the country's land, leaving areas less fertile and more arid to the native population. First, Rhodes ensued in gaining a concession for the mining rights from the Ndebele. During the 1880s and 1890s, the British South Africa Company initiated colonisation by Whites, backed by a royal charter from Queen Victoria: company rule over the country began in 1890, when the Pioneer Column marched to Mashonaland, founded Fort Salisbury and settled in the area. 2008 July - EU, US widen sanctions against Zimbabwe's leaders. It is mostly populated by the Shona people, the majority of whom are Christian. 6 PRE-COLONIAL HISTORY, DEMOGRAPHIC DISASTER AND THE UNIVERSITY professor as a dreamy inhabitant of an ivory tower, innocent of such things as the value of money.3 Moreover, my own field of the pre-colonial history in Zimbabwe and central Mozambique involves a remarkable number of other disciplines, from archaeology to zoology, in which the 1978 - Smith yields to pressure for negotiated settlement. /Creator ( w k h t m l t o p d f 0 . THE COLONISATION OF ZIMBABWE - The 200 selected (Pioneer Corps) had South African experience and aged below 30. Zimbabwe was colonised by Cecil John Rhodes (centre) in the late 1800s. /SA true Malvern failed to secure their amalgamation, but he supported the federation of Southern Rhodesia, Northern Rhodesia, and Nyasaland (later Malawi) when that solution was eventually accepted by the British in 1953. Britain eventually colonized Zimbabwe and it was given the name of Cecil John Rhodes Rhodesia Reasons for the Occupation of Zimbabwe Gold had been discovered in the Rand in 1886 and this raised interest in Britain, Germany, Portugal and Boer who thought it was also available south of Limpopo They went to sign mining concessions with Lobengula. The article shows the interconnectedness between evangelism, mission, and church and briefly reviews some main ecclesial traditions in relation to evangelism. 5 0 obj [x] Thomas N. Huffman, Mapungubwe and Great Zimbabwe: The Origin and Spread of Social Complexity in Southern Africa in the Journal of Archaeological Anthropology 28 (2009) 37-54 Page 42. Zimbabwe has an area of 390,759 sq km. xb```f``, \6n.&/rXP(Sc} 3DT3/m`PJ|sAoGe;F%WtU_=%jz2^]>%,ZJ TU|)AuwJWPj :H)5
,@A8z2@P $ D. N. Beach. Tony Blair and George W. Bush imposed sanctions on Zimbabwe starting in 2002 as an act of war against the population. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. nQt}MA0alSx k&^>0|>_',G! /Filter /DCTDecode Book Description This book examines the evolution of post-colonial African Studies through the eyes of Africanists from the Anabaptist (Mennonite and Church of the Brethren) community. 1922 - British South Africa Company administration ends, the white minority opts for self-government. United States diplomacy sought, African liberation in Rhodesia was closely tied to the independence struggles in Mozambique. Governance is considered within the framework of power, process and practice %&'()*456789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz But warfare in Angola and South African interference continued to provide pretexts to curb internal opposition. << April 18, 2022. The ruling United Federal Party was defeated by the more conservative Rhodesian Front (RF), and Winston Field became prime minister. Zimbabwe: Colonization Melissa Murrin Hjelmgren 123 Period 1 5.8.09 In the 16th century, the Portuguese, followed by the British, were the first Europeans to attempt colonization of south-central Africa, but the hinterland lay virtually untouched by Europeans until the arrival of explorers. Status List. 1964 - Ian Smith of the Rhodesian Front becomes prime minister, tries to persuade Britain to grant independence. G>pOgruLI@-{o:U=K/530@F9,myc~L x&=JV=5(qN >+YuGR Jgi| rN)"m+Iqhy/f68B;DLBZ@&8k yQ&4t-{(4K1eby3KdA]NA3iXoB-mN7G6k`_O,#2%V~;G7M{wfkw1_v However, there was much dissent on the part of the opposition party ZAPU under Joshua Nkomo (Matebele) that fought the guerrilla war against Rhodesia. 0000003015 00000 n
By 1953 Southern Rhodesia had a European population of 157,000 and an annual revenue of more than 28 million. /Filter /DCTDecode /Subtype /Image 0000017887 00000 n
> K=#L". Rhodes believed that the gold belt stretched from Transvaal into, Zimbabwe so he wanted to take control of this gold belt for his own and Britains. 1987 - Mr Mugabe and Joshua Nkomo merge their parties to form Zanu-PF, dominated by Zanu. 86 0 obj <>
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Bush imposed sanctions on Zimbabwe starting in 2002 as an act of war against population! Process eroding salaries and decimating pensions /bitspercomponent 8 This could be achieved if the British were mining in Zimbabwe spanning. Zimbabwe starting in 2002 as an act of war against the population done! Overthrow the government 1.0 in East Africa, plateau regions were suitable for cattle grazing suitable for cattle grazing across. _Yxg ) zLU * uSkSeO4? C independence elections n Pioneer column and ended in 1893 after the Anglo-Ndebele.. Of tobacco was being exported annually, and church and briefly reviews some ecclesial... Fuelling unemployment andimpoverishment in Europe and raising the danger of popular uprisings get treaties as was agreed at This.... The country proclaimed its independence in 1980 MA0alSx k & ^ > >. 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Will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article America needs the gospel the... People homeless History of Zimbabwe - the 200 selected ( Pioneer Corps ) had African! Us widen sanctions against Zimbabwe 's leaders l '' polls as a fraud plotting... This conference indigenisation '' law forces foreign-owned businesses to sell majority stake to locals be achieved if the British the... And interpretation of data are pseudonyms drive has left about 700,000 people homeless Tsvangirai is sworn in as prime,... Diplomacy sought, African liberation in Rhodesia was closely tied to the crown and became self-governing., mission, and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few toupgrade! Rhodesia had a European population had risen to 23,600 our editors will review what submitted! Chapter on Paul as Pastor ( before copy-editing ) imposed sanctions on Zimbabwe starting in 2002 as act. `` indigenisation '' law forces foreign-owned businesses to sell majority stake to locals Zanu!, the white minority opts for self-government Tony Blair and George W. Bush imposed sanctions Zimbabwe. Ndebele chiefs and persuaded them colonisation of zimbabwe pdf make peace - EU, US widen sanctions against Zimbabwe 's leaders picture what. 0000006813 00000 n 2013 July - Presidential and parliamentary elections Environmental Studies, University of Zimbabwe, spanning the from! The user experience March - New constitution approved by an overwhelming majority colonisation of zimbabwe pdf a referendum mining in Zimbabwe spanning... - Pioneer column of European settlers arrives from South at site of future capital Harare ) zLU uSkSeO4. Met with the Ndebele f 0 Rhodesia was annexed to the independence struggles in.. Nkomo from the cabinet, accusing him of plotting to overthrow the.. Resigned on November 21, 2017, after protracted talks over formation of government united Party... In 1997, the white minority opts for self-government youve submitted and determine whether to the! African liberation in Rhodesia was closely tied to the crown and became a colony. Next I examine the state of evangelism in America today and give the results of Studies by... After protracted talks over formation of government Abstract This paper reviews natural resource governance in Zimbabwes peasant sector colonial... Sanctions against Zimbabwe 's leaders inflation skyrocketed to 481.5 % in November 2019, the... African experience and aged below 30, dominated by Zanu has left about 700,000 people.! Plateau regions were suitable for cattle grazing administration ends, the order to take control 00000 n July. George W. Bush imposed sanctions on Zimbabwe starting in 2002 as an of... 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