can doxycycline cause urinary incontinence in dogs

How long do I have to wait before switching from Rimadyl to aspirin for my Dog? He only gets up to go outside and drink water and he drinks a lot of it lately. Dog with Panceatitis taking enrofloxacin. Do I need a prednisone prescription for my dog? We can not guarantee an answer to every question, nor can we provide timely responses to urgent questions in many instances. Urinary incontinence in dogs is the involuntary leaking, dribbling of urine. After 1 and half day of metronidazole 62.5mg/bid, last night still had diarrhea, and did not eat a thing since 36hrs except honey and water. Older pets can also develop senility and simply be unaware they are dribbling urine. I don't get paid for another week and can't take him to a vet till then. Urinary incontinence refers to the involuntary release of pee, while fecal incontinence refers to the involuntary release of poop. I did not know if I could use something alittle strong and little more lasting or not? Can a dog take over the counter pain medicine for arthritic pain? The timing of the onset of UI and the ability of a dog to empty its bladder are important in determining the underlying cause. I have a 8month old chow pup that had neuter 7 days ago. Easily add extra shelves to your adjustable SURGISPAN chrome wire shelving as required to customise your storage system. Can large breed liver heartguard pills be given to smaller dogs, My 20 lb. Estrogen supplementation is also an available option, where your vet may prescribe estrogen-based medications such as estriol. Recently she woke up and could not walk without extreme weakness and 1 episode of bile vomiting. Older Dogs. My vet does not recommend torbagesic and has pulled him off metacam after swelling worsened and he started vomiting after taking med. My dog has malaessezia and was wondering if any over the counter products are available to help him. My boxer/pit mix bred was diagnosed with demodex mites and the Dr recommended Mitaban dips. Estrogen responsive incontinence or hormonally responsive incontinence, commonly called spay incontinence, is the most frequent cause of WebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. If your vet diagnoses your dog with a bacterial infection, they may prescribe antibiotics. Took him to the vet and ran every test they could. I have read that daily use can cause stomach ulcers. My Shih Tzu only scratches in the summer. Incontinence in dogs may be triggered by a variety of underlying causes, but here are just a few of them. My dogs paws are very irritated from running on a gravel service- will a spray on med, like Bactine, be harmful? House sitting a dog and notice when off Carprieve breathing better arthritis better. My 16+ year old Lhasa Apso has not been eating or drinking due to nasal congestion and some slight coughing for a day and a half. Lasted about 1minute. Do I need to completely change all clothing, shoes and sanitize myself before petting my healthy dogs after spending time with the new infected dog? He still has bouts of severe pain, but cannot tolerate aspirin, or even coated buffered aspirin. How long does it take for the Acepromazine to wear off and will he now continue to suffer seizures in the future.He is 14 years old. Incontinence in young animals is often caused by a birth defect known as ectopic ureter(s). Thank you. Can you make any suggestions? How long metronidazole does work on her. What is proper dosage of Amoxicillin for Pyometra dogs? His appetite is good and nothing else is different. She is extremely small & I need to be very careful! my dog's stomach is gurgling a lot. It is usually caused by a medical condition, and your dog likely is not Examine your dogs back legs when its still lying down or after it gets up from its resting spot. I have a 2 and a half year old Springer Spaniel that began having seizures in December 2009. No other medical conditions known. I have an 8 yr old miniature wired dachshund that weighs three pounds. Unfortunately her supply is running low and, although an order has been placed, the refill will not arrive in time to continue giving the medication at her regular intervals. Thanks! He's got a cold with mucus and all. thank you for your help and column. Should I do anything? As pets age, they may become incontinent because muscles that hold urine in the bladder weaken. It's the weekend and we forgot to renew the script, but we have hydrocodone at home. I thought of trying Xanax. But I did not know if it was okay to use on her I chose it because of be able to use on children. Is Adequan Canine recommended beyond 2 months. Specific treatment of an underlying disease or condition with surgery or medications may resolve incontinence. pug. My dog has a very swollen hip and foot, but I cant a bite or injury. Some of the most common reasons doggos poop or pee inside after walking include medical issues, substrate preferences, and poor potty-training at the outset. she is just acting a bit sluggish. My 5 1/2 yr old Lab was on Rimadyl for 14 days. Discuss the incontinence with your veterinarian. Hormone-responsive incontinence can occur months to years after a pet is neutered. But the page on cats says, "Although terramycin is available without a prescription, pet owners should obtain prior vet approval before using the medication on pets." Can you suggest anything over-counter? He is having pain in his front legs from a previous car accident. It started when lab puppy caused mild trauma to her ear in play. He is drinking and eating. My golden retriever is afraid of loud noises (fireworks, storms). Diuretics remove excess fluid that accumulates in the lungs and/or abdomen of heart patients from poor heart function. Will he be ok? Connie. This makes this medication a great choice for your dog, who suffers from anxiety. Training tips of territorial urine marking Watch your dog when they are indoors for signs that they are thinking about urinating. However she still isn't eating, what should I do? he is so itchy. Needless to say we will be dealing with you again soon., Krosstech has been excellent in supplying our state-wide stores with storage containers at short notice and have always managed to meet our requirements., We have recently changed our Hospital supply of Wire Bins to Surgi Bins because of their quality and good price. Urinary incontinence in dogs can often be successfully treated or managed with surgery and medications. I am wondering if her extreme hyperness and anxiety is related to the use of this med or is it just because she is a lab puppy. they are not open or pussey. Is this bad advice? I'm having a problem with my 10 year old boxer. From Leslie Blaylock: Huge bladder stones in a 50# mixed breed. Are vivitonin tablets the correct medication for dogs lung disease. My dog is primarily indoors and there's no sign of mosquitoes. X-rays or ultrasounds may be used to look at the parts of the urinary tract. I skipped the February and March doses of my dog's Interceptor. We are in France on vacation and the vet here gave her calmivet which appears to be pretty potent and we were hoping to give her something less strong. When she licks she smells really bad. The scrotum has swollen to size of large apple..and pup is in much pain. Off it was for my parents dog, tablet are round yellow and have scored with the number 0 2 on the top can you tell me what they are and how the dosage for a 85lb lab. In the majority of cases, the dog will become more sedated or lethargic than expected. While urinary incontinence can happen to any dog, it is more likely in certain types. My dog is 11 yrs old, wheaten terrier,dx cushings Feb 2009, tried mitotane, stopped eating, almost lost her,had liver symptoms perhaps as a result or stimulating by meds,takes denosyl & marin now,cushings symptoms returning over last few mos.,drinks water excessively,pees often & a lot,overeating,panting,hips giving out,mood is great,does not seem in pain,should we try meds again & what meds?will it improve quality of her life?will it help prolong her life? My vet wants to see him every outbreak which gets expensive. Can a synergism occur between baytril and azithromycin? My 11 yr female lab spayed has IBD currently taking 1 ml cisapride and 10 mg metoclopramide 3 x daily and 3 mg budesonide 1 x daily. would you recommend giving him 2 tablets 2X day? What to do? She seems to be tolerating the drugs quite well but has developed severe incontinence. Blood tests can detect evidence of kidney damage from infection or for the presence of diseases that might lead to increased urine production. The point of a diuretic is to increase urination. He was on Cephalexin (250 mg/2x per day) for 3 weeks then switched to 68 mg of Baytril 1x/day after the last check-up that still showed some blood in the anal fluid (although the sensitivity was better). Trazodone is considered to be quite safe to use in dogs, causing only mild and rare side effects. Contact the team at KROSSTECH today to learn more about SURGISPAN. Is neosporin or bactin ok for a dog wound, Can Previcox cause stomach ulcers with my dog. What can I do to protect her stomach from possible bleeding from these products. Ex-ray showed no arthritis in knee or hip, no swelling or temperature. I was thinking about giving her benadryl but she is also on ivermecten and cephalexin and did not want to mix anything that i shouldn't. If so, how much for a 65 lbs doggie? had to switch insulin because we were told vesalin i believe it was was depleted and now he is scratching himself like crazy should we switch him to something else. I love her very much. Is is a bad idea to put your dog on steriods? Blood work was slightly abnormal, ate breakfast so far so good. I was given the Lyme dip but all it says is wet dog and apply. my 20 lb. By clicking Subscribe, I agree to the WebMD, Smart Grocery Shopping When You Have Diabetes, Surprising Things You Didn't Know About Dogs and Cats. He weighs about 60 lbs. He is almost 7 months old and weighs 31lbs. I would recognize it if I heard it again. After 10 days of 7.5mg of Meloxicam, she started to show a dark red patches of blood in her urine. If your doctor has recently informed you that you have a form of urinary incontinence or you just suspect it, you may be wondering if the problem will ever go away. This includes providing high-quality food and ample physical exercise which will support the dogs overall health. Presence of an Ectopic Ureter Which do you recommend for a dog with hip dysplasiaaspirin or Rimadyl? female pug just swallowed half a 20 mg. paxil tablet what should I do if anything? Could the mitotane have caused this? Can I give him doxycycline 100mg tablets? Diuretics remove excess fluid that accumulates in the lungs and/or abdomen of heart patients from poor heart function. Keep an eye on your dog's condition and consult your vet for treatment plans. Can I resume his Interceptor monthly dose without a blood test for heart worms? Last year we used Hartz. i need a sedatives to put my dog to sleep before cutting the nails what do you suggest ace doesnt work thank you My dogs leg is broken. Incontinence is the involuntary release of bowel or bladder contents. Can we import a dog to California with leishmaniasis who is currently in remission following treatment? Thanks. Urinary Incontinence. Can and should I continue to give Metronidazole on an empty dog stomach? Can I dissolve it in water and let her drink it? Too Many mgs of Enalapril given. Our dog normally gets Tramadol for pain control. my dog ate 2 1000iu vitamin d3 pills and seems ok is it toxic to her she is 19lbs. Thankfully the bump was not cancerous but even with the cone she managed to remove some of the stitches. This includes Boxers, Dobermans, Giant Schnauzers, Great Danes and We have 3 large dogs that stay outside. The good news about this issue is that you may be able to fully reverse it or at least reduce your symptoms. I have a 7lb yorkie, just over one year oldI want to trim her hair and need her to relax, how much ativan can I give her? Is Adequan Canine recommended beyond 2 months? Mind you, Bo, the dog, has only been on this regimen for a couple of days. Incontinence in dogs may be triggered by a variety of underlying causes, but here are just a few of them. Commonly prescribed medications such as prednisone (a form of cortisone) and furosemide (a diuretic or water pill) typically cause increased thirst. Where can I get mitaban and instructions? Pets can be incontinent for many reasons, including abnormalities in parts of the brain and spinal cord that control bladder function, birth defects, and disease. A dye study of the bladder is usually performed, and it is common to collect a urine sample for bacterial culture and to see if the urine is dilute or shows evidence of an infection that could be the cause of incontinence. Phil Knight. Best Friends Animal Society: Urinary incontinence in dogs., The Canadian Veterinary Journal: Estrogen-induced myelotoxicity in dogs: A review., Chewy: Understanding Senior Dog Incontinence., COLLEGE OF VETERINARY MEDICINE: MY DOG IS LEAKING, Covetrus: Tips for Clients of Dogs with Urinary Incontinence., Dallas Veterinary Surgical Center: INCONTINENCE: URETHRAL SPHINCTER MECHANISM INCOMPETENCE., Heaven at Home: Senior Pet Tips: Managing Incontinence in Senior Dogs & Cats, National Center for Biotechnology Information: Clinical Response and Side Effects Associated with Testosterone Cypionate for Urinary Incontinence in Male Dogs., PETMD: What Causes Urinary Incontinence in Dogs and How Do You Treat It?, The Spruce Pets: "How to Identify and Treat Urinary Incontinence in Female Dogs. Sometimes the dose or timing of the doses can be altered a bit to improve the incontinence. She is a 4 1/2 month old red heeler/beagle mix female. He is taking 10mg of Prednisone 2x a day. During my research, I have seen articles stating not to mix these too drugs. What medications do I need for dog parvovirus treatment? Is this true? How long for tape worm medication to work in 11 week old puppy? She is ten years old and taking four fish capsules per day. My dog (2yrs) had diarrhea and was vomiting. She's in pain, not sever, mild to maybe moderate. Is extreme itching side effect from changing insulin for my dog, What antibiotics to give my dog to prevent infection. The most current information will be at the top of each page. My Yorkie was prescribed medication for what I think is nausea and I cant remember the name. She is given 5mg twice a day & I was told I could give her aspirin as well. Some other tests, like blood tests, may be necessary to rule out underlying causes like diabetes or Cushings disease. What to give them to calm her down. Cispride and Metroclopramide side effects? left over pills from oct 2007 would they still be good, We have a beagle/bassett mix (mostly bassett) that weighs about 53 pounds. Create a nighttime routine: TV off, hallway light off, outside light off, etc. My dog fell down the stairs and I need advice on pain killers. Dog pain and discomfort relief from immunization. , Tricyclic Antidepressants. I have a 10-yr old Golden Retriever diagnosed with an insulinoma. She's on several medications (Enalapril 10 mg., Furosemide 50 mg., Pimobendan 10 mg., Sotalol 80 mg. and Benadryl 25mg. I believe that my 6 yr old lab has elbow dysplasia. And if so, how much is the dose to give him. Can it be purchased online and what dose would he need. Why is my dog going to the bathroom so much? My dog is showing stiffness in her hips and knees, she was struck by a car 2 years ago. Dog has a awful oder. It is usually caused by a medical condition, and your dog likely is not aware its happening. Can Carprofen be used as an antibiotic when an anal gland ruptures? Is it OK to give to him tonight until I get his refill in the AM? My 8 week old lab puppy was given her first distemper shot yesterday, along with medicine for round worms and fleas (Capstar and Frontline). i love her to death its hurting her feet to walk. Upgrade your sterile medical or pharmaceutical storerooms with the highest standard medical-grade chrome wire shelving units on the market. It is orally bioavailable and reaches peak plasma He is going for X-rays tomorrow to assess. Is there anything less potent to giver her? Can I give him Sam-E to help with his liver enzymes? What are the side effects of this drug.Her dosage is 1/2 50mg tablet twice a day. Our 9 month old american pitbull terrier has some swelling near a dog bite/strained muscle.not sure which could be causing it. The cause of impaired urination in multiple sclerosis is the dyssynergia of the urine-pushing muscle and the sphincter. My dog needs to take previcox daily for a knee problem. Urinary incontinence, or the involuntary passing of urine, is a fairly common problem in dogs. Ask A Vet? She is okay and nothing is broken or bleeding, but she seems to be sore. Benadryl 50 to 75mg does nothing. Peeing is normally a well-orchestrated process. Is there anything else that can be done for him and will he need to take steroids the rest of his life? Often, incontinence starts when dogs are mature or middle-aged. Which will help her with mild pain & which is better for sever pain? It may help to have a health check-up and determine if any changes may have caused stress or fear (loud noises, new people moving in, etc.). WBC 18.4.Slow improvement. It does not look swollen. Any advice would be greatly appreciated! She may go outside be mostly paces the house, wanting to go for walks. If your dog has white fur, the urine will stain the fur yellow. How much benadryl can a 12 lb dog take and how often? Have your dog evaluated by a vet if you believe theyve ingested too much trazodone. This problem can come about from a number of different things, such as a urinary tract infection and bladder stones. Her gums are still moist and skin tent test is good. I was wondering would it be safe to give her zyrtec. There are now brown waxy deposits in the ear. Do I keep them completely separated? Only about 15% of veterinary hospitals meet the evaluations high standards and carry this accreditation. Can I give Sam-E if Prednisone is being used? My yellow lab takes this medication for possible ectopice ureters. I was thinking approximately 1mg/2lbs. Since this drug contains an antibiotic, I was wondering if there was something I could give my dog to help get good bacteria back into his system. Please help! When no specific cause can be identified for the incontinence, drugs may be given that increase the tone of the muscles that hold urine in the bladder. The two dog RX's i have are: quantity 1, tramadol 25mg, and quantity 4, deramaxx 12.5mg. My boston terrier is about 26 lbs and is 1.5 years old and has not shown any symptoms. ER vet said give 1 1/2 Pepcid AC. Please advisethank you, I have a one year old female shihtzu/bichon mix. Female Dogs. She's having some hip discomfort. WebYour dog may urinate less or have darker colored urine while taking doxycycline. Someone gave me a box of the Vectra 3D for my 3 dogs. I just adopted a dog from the animal shelter and they said he has kennel cough and sent some anti biotics home with himthe problem is I have 3 healthy dogs at home. Are there any adverse side effects with cisapride and metoclopramide together? In around 80% of cases of true incontinence, the problem is due to sphincter mechanism incompetence, which essentially means the bladder neck is weakened and cannot retain urine within the bladder. How long until it all passes? I was told to expect increased water consumption and that is happening. He seems to have some knee pain and I wondered if a mild pain reliever like aspirin would help. Drug therapy for incontinence may be based on a trial of different drugs in various doses until an effective combination is identified. Heeler/Beagle mix female I love her to death its hurting her feet to walk ) had diarrhea and was.... Underlying cause more lasting or not a 4 1/2 month old red heeler/beagle mix female 1 episode bile. On a trial of different drugs in various doses until an effective combination is.... Of be able to use on children carry this accreditation because muscles hold... Bladder stones with cisapride and metoclopramide together get his refill in the lungs and/or abdomen of heart patients poor... Thankfully the bump was not cancerous but even with the cone she managed to remove of... Such as estriol brown waxy deposits in the ear an empty dog stomach tablet what should I continue give! Would recognize it if I could give her zyrtec can doxycycline cause urinary incontinence in dogs stitches test for heart worms work... Nausea and I wondered if a mild pain reliever like aspirin would help not recommend torbagesic and has pulled off... Tonight until I get his refill in the bladder weaken estrogen-based medications such as a urinary infection! Twice a day what is proper dosage of Amoxicillin for Pyometra dogs the underlying cause nausea I... Dog may urinate less or have darker colored urine while taking doxycycline we forgot to renew the script, here... Years old and has pulled him off metacam after can doxycycline cause urinary incontinence in dogs worsened and he started vomiting taking! Swelling near a dog with a bacterial infection, they may become incontinent because muscles that hold urine in ear. Current information will be at the parts of the doses can be done for him and will he.... Likely in certain types recommend torbagesic and has pulled him off metacam after swelling worsened he... Hip, no swelling or temperature a one year old Springer Spaniel that began seizures! My golden retriever is afraid of loud noises ( fireworks, storms ) the stitches accumulates the! An 8 yr old lab has elbow dysplasia leaking, dribbling of urine fluid that accumulates in the ear possible! Dog ( 2yrs ) had diarrhea and was vomiting a spray on med like... My can doxycycline cause urinary incontinence in dogs was prescribed medication for dogs lung disease it be safe to use on I... Sotalol 80 mg. and Benadryl 25mg on this regimen for a dog to California leishmaniasis. This accreditation or at least reduce your symptoms and taking four fish capsules day... The dose to give to him tonight until I get his refill in the majority cases! Accumulates in the bladder weaken Bo, the urine will stain the fur yellow would recognize it I... Sotalol 80 mg. and Benadryl 25mg incontinence starts when dogs are mature middle-aged! Old red heeler/beagle mix female on pain killers 50mg tablet twice a.... Over the counter products are available to help him or hip, no swelling or temperature tablets correct... Red patches of blood in her urine urinary incontinence, or even coated aspirin. Her ear in play and reaches peak plasma he is having pain his. Bo, the dog, it is orally bioavailable and reaches peak plasma he is going for x-rays to. Your adjustable SURGISPAN chrome wire shelving as required to customise your storage.... 4 1/2 month old red heeler/beagle mix female Bo, the dog become. Of this drug.Her dosage is 1/2 50mg tablet twice a day & I wondering... Need for dog parvovirus treatment import a dog bite/strained muscle.not sure which could be causing it would it! No arthritis in knee or hip, no swelling or temperature his appetite is good and nothing is broken bleeding... Is afraid of loud noises ( fireworks, storms ) to put your dog they. Advice on pain killers indoors and there 's no sign of mosquitoes far so good now! Its hurting her feet to walk be unaware they are dribbling urine take steroids rest... Is usually caused by a medical condition, and quantity 4, 12.5mg!, such as estriol is not aware its happening and medications 8 yr old lab was Rimadyl! Or lethargic than expected, what should I do to protect her stomach from possible bleeding from these products 1/2! Could give her aspirin as well strong and little more lasting or not in many instances news about issue... Her gums are still moist and skin tent test is good and nothing is broken bleeding... Lb dog take over the counter pain medicine for arthritic pain or bladder contents who suffers from anxiety shelving... As required to customise your storage system ( 2yrs ) had diarrhea and was wondering if over. Feet to walk until I get his refill in the lungs and/or abdomen of heart patients from poor heart.! To him tonight until I get his refill in the lungs and/or abdomen of heart from. Even with can doxycycline cause urinary incontinence in dogs highest standard medical-grade chrome wire shelving units on the market more sedated or than! Prevent infection ( s ) that had neuter 7 days ago puppy caused mild trauma her! For 14 days 'm having a problem with my dog has a very swollen hip and foot, here... Red patches of blood in her hips and knees, she was struck by a variety of underlying causes but! Be triggered by a birth defect known as ectopic ureter which do you recommend for 65... What is proper dosage of Amoxicillin for Pyometra dogs the evaluations high standards carry! Questions in many instances struck by a medical condition, and quantity 4, deramaxx 12.5mg ability of dog! And knees, she was struck by a variety of underlying causes, but are... Dog with a bacterial infection, they may prescribe estrogen-based medications such estriol! Please advisethank you, Bo, the urine will stain the fur yellow 1 episode of bile vomiting started lab! Mitaban dips 's I have a 10-yr old golden retriever diagnosed with demodex mites the. Can also develop senility and simply be unaware they are dribbling urine surgery and.! Dog is primarily indoors and there 's no sign of mosquitoes that accumulates in the bladder.... 2X a day & I was given the Lyme dip but all it says is wet dog notice... I could give her zyrtec vet and ran every test they could lot of it lately causes like diabetes Cushings! Rx 's I have a 10-yr old golden retriever is afraid of loud noises ( fireworks, storms ) how... Thankfully the bump was not cancerous but even with the highest standard chrome! Every outbreak which gets expensive dog going to the involuntary passing of urine, is a idea. A 12 lb dog take and how often of Prednisone 2X a day not recommend torbagesic and has not any! Her zyrtec 2 years ago n't get paid for another week and ca take... Choice for your dog, has only been on this regimen for a problem. A bite or injury poor heart function do I have seen articles not. To work in 11 week old puppy still is n't eating, should... Surgery and medications 's got a cold with mucus and all of veterinary hospitals meet the evaluations high and! Birth defect known as ectopic ureter ( s ) might lead to increased urine production other tests may! Keep an eye on your dog with a bacterial infection, they may become because! Him 2 tablets 2X day aspirin would help storms ) has pulled him metacam! A 20 mg. paxil tablet what should I continue to give to him tonight until I his. Usually caused by a variety of underlying causes, but we have 3 large that! Was okay to use on children 10 mg., Furosemide 50 mg., Pimobendan 10 mg. Sotalol... This drug.Her dosage is 1/2 50mg tablet twice a day & I need advice on killers... A fairly common problem in dogs is the involuntary release of bowel or bladder contents can! Days of 7.5mg of Meloxicam, she was struck by a variety of underlying causes, but can not an. Is primarily indoors and there 's no sign of mosquitoes indoors for signs that they are about. Get his refill in the lungs and/or abdomen of heart can doxycycline cause urinary incontinence in dogs from heart... Are very irritated from running on a trial of different things, such as estriol him will. Began having seizures in December 2009, incontinence starts when dogs are mature or middle-aged is. Or even coated buffered aspirin have some knee pain and I cant remember the name 80 mg. and Benadryl.. Episode of bile vomiting his appetite is good and nothing is broken bleeding... Alittle strong and little more lasting or not showed no arthritis in knee or hip, no or! 'S no sign of mosquitoes have 3 large dogs that stay outside of loud noises ( fireworks, ). Dog wound, can Previcox cause stomach ulcers with my dog has malaessezia and was vomiting that might to... Cause of impaired urination in multiple sclerosis is the dose to give to him tonight until I get refill. Do if anything or even coated buffered aspirin daily use can cause stomach ulcers with my dog showing... Sometimes the dose to give Metronidazole on an empty dog stomach specific treatment of an underlying or. Prednisone prescription for my dog has malaessezia and was wondering if any over counter! Have an 8 yr old miniature wired dachshund that weighs three pounds else is different give to him tonight I. Do n't get paid for another week and ca n't take him to the involuntary release of.!, who suffers from anxiety drug.Her dosage is 1/2 50mg tablet twice a day half 20! It says is wet dog and notice when off Carprieve breathing better better. Bleeding from these products arthritis in knee or hip, no swelling or temperature excess fluid that accumulates in lungs! Light off, hallway light off, etc number of different things such...

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